Mike Soenke is an Executive in Residence at North Central College (Naperville, IL, USA) and retired DOW 30 SVP and USA CFO. In this two-part series, Mike and I discuss Answer Intelligence (AQ)® based upon his experience as a former executive at a DOW 30 corporation. The focus of this blog post (1 of 2) is using AQ to elevate an organization and the next post will be about using AQ to elevate your career. The following interview is edited for clarity. This article is part of the High AQ Interview Series where executives, academics, and thought leaders discuss elevated answers. RelevanceDr. G: “Is AQ important to senior leaders and the organization as a whole?” Mike Soenke: “In my career, as I and others elevated into leadership roles we were amazed at how much of our time was invested in communication. In a large system, there are many stakeholders - including employees, suppliers, vendors, and partners. All of the stakeholders need to understand the vision, strategy, goals, and their role in the implementation.” “In all of my years in the corporate world, I never saw anything in my career like AQ. There are many resources about questions and proactive communication, but not a lot on the most effective ways to connect and respond by providing answers.” Dr. G: “What value add does AQ have?” Mike Soenke: “There are a lot of tried-and-true communication principles that are captured in the framework. For example, telling a story that draws someone in. Also, at our organization, we had the coffers full of organically grown metaphors. Additionally, appealing to both sides of the brain when you communicate [High AQ Practice 2: Answer Twice] is familiar. The real value-add of the thought framework is that it brings it all together and helps people in a structured and logical way. The 5 High AQ practices help you put the framework to work and optimize its effectiveness to further enhance the value-add of the framework.” To punctuate his point, Mike provided an example of a senior leader that was formerly at two competitors. He arrived, got up to speed quickly and used his huge knowledge base. More importantly, he would make connections that others did not see (he was very strategic). When these connections were made, Mike said, “It clicked in your mind and you were immediately upset with yourself that you did not make the connection (it was so intuitive). You were mad at yourself that you had not thought about it prior. I put AQ in this category. Like pieces of a puzzle that fit together, as soon as you see them together, you say to yourself, of course this makes sense. Why has nobody thought of this before? That is the power and magic of AQ.” Dr. G: How would you describe taking advantage of the 5 High AQ practices to someone learning about AQ for the first time? Mike Soenke: “The framework is simple and sophisticated and layered. When you first learn AQ, I recommend focusing upon knowing the six answers and which questions they answer. I would estimate that 50% of the value is in High AQ Practice 1 (Provide Six Answers). Simply knowing there are six answers and cataloguing them to questions is a tremendous advantage.” “Then as you peel the onion back… answering twice, providing complementary answers, using the three styles, are examples of how you can move from novice to expert as you master the sophistication of all the layers. The layering is interesting. AQ provides simplicity at the foundational level [Practice 1] but offers deeper and sophisticated tools and skill as you work through the High AQ Practices 2 to 5. Now you are adding layers of brilliance to it.” High AQ Takeway 1: According to Mike Soenke, 50% of the value in AQ is in learning High AQ Practice 1 and 50% is in learning High AQ Practices 2 to 5. Persons new to AQ should focus on High AQ Practice 1 and experts need to master High AQ Practices 2 to 5. AdoptionDr. G: “How would an organization best adopt AQ? Mike Soenke: “In my experience a framework like AQ enters an organization through executive leadership. They would get value in it and get passionate about, and then want to adopt it organizational wide. This is how it worked for us when we adopted programs to improve the culture, teamwork and communication in the company. After initial training, lunch and learns and small group support tools were conducted to further embed the framework, its terms, and syntax into the culture. That is a significant investment and difficult to do if leadership is not bought in up front. In my mind it is so critical for the ultimate success of a significant program if it starts with senior leadership." Dr. G: “Interesting that with other frameworks a lot of time is spent on learning the syntax and terms. Do you think there is something that is more intuitive about AQ?” Mike Soenke: “I think AQ is potentially more intuitive, in that it is built upon questions (why, why, how, where, where) and answers (story, metaphor, theory, concept, procedure, action) that we are mostly familiar with in everyday communication. Plus, the idea of using a communication framework based on questions and answers is just very logical and straightforward. I think all of this in combination can lead to easier adoption.” High AQ Takeway 2: According to Mike Soenke, AQ is best adopted top-down from senior leadership and AQ has a higher-chance of successful adoption because the framework is simple and intuitive. Take a look at the Part 2 of this blog post series, AQ and your career.
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Introduction
Dr. Freiburger and I discussed how he has demonstrated High AQ both in terms of winning client business and during a coaching engagement. He also speculates that AQ can be an effective meeting management tool for executive coaches. The following interview is edited for clarity. This article is part of the High AQ Interview Series where executives, academics, and thought leaders discuss elevated answers. Winning DealsDr. G: “Tell me about a coaching deal you won.” Dr. Chris Freiburger: “They were interviewing other coaches. All had experience with the client.” Dr. G: “Invariably, a question is asked, ‘Why should we hire you?’” Dr. Chris Freiburger: “I would provide a story. This differs from my competitors. Most executive coaches will tell you there is a rigorous framework, 1-hour interview, tests, 6 coaching meetings, every 3rd week. They discuss a standard engagement.” High AQ Takeaway 1: If you are asked a why-question, provide a story or a theory answer. Too often those with Low AQ provide the wrong answer to the question being asked. Dr. G: “Tell me more about what distinguishes a High AQ story from a Low AQ story.” Dr. Chris Freiburger: “An effective story is a touchpoint to all of the other five High AQ answers. For example, I can transform my story into a catalyst metaphor… I’m here to challenge and push. Or, I can discuss my theory of coaching, or any of the other answer types. I can use this story to draw a contrast with my competitors who often focus upon rigid procedures and actions. In my story I can highlight that as a catalyst the procedures will sometimes be sequential, sometimes reversed. I can draw a sharp contrast between my dynamic approach and the mechanical approach of some of my competitors when it comes to coaching methods.” High AQ Takeaway 2: Those with High AQ can take any given answer and transform it into the other answer types. This makes for an economical and reinforcing conversation. Effective ConversationsDr. G: “The difference between High AQ and Low AQ is often subtle. Can you illustrate this subtle difference with a client engagement?” Dr. Chris Freiburger: “I just got off a call with an executive coaching client. I asked him a question that threw him for a loop. I said, ‘I want you to tell me, when your boss comes to you to pick your brain about ideas, does he view you as a thought leader or a thought partner?’ He wrestled with this question. Then, we discussed that a thought partner is someone you bounce ideas off (lower level thinking) and a thought leader is someone you ask for advice about the future. He got it. Then I told my client, ‘I want you to think about how you take your skills and attributes and leverage them in a way so that you become a thought leader.’” High AQ Takeaway 3: Those with High AQ are in complete command of important concepts. This example from Dr. Freiburger conveys several subtle aspects of High AQ concepts. Specifically: (1) The client conversation is centered around teasing out the differences between seemingly similar concepts: thought partner and thought leader. Additionally, by providing two concepts, the client is engaged in active thinking. Dr. Freiburger said, “I could have said, ‘part of your development need is to position yourself as a thought leader with your boss.’ I don’t think that engages him in a way that is interesting.” (2) Transform an answer into a question. Effective coaches guide a client from point A to point B in a conversation. Dr. Freiburger transformed a concept-answer (the thought leadership concept) into a question. When you understand an answer, it gives you insights into asking more interesting and effective questions to guide a client. AQ as an Executive Coaching ToolDr. G: “How can someone use AQ in executive coaching?” Dr. Chris Frieberger: “I’ve facilitated a lot of meetings with Dr. Edward de Bono’s Six Thinking Hats®. In a 30- or 60-minute meeting, most leave and have a sense that nothing was accomplished. According to Dr. de Bono’s framework, nothing gets done because everyone thinks differently at the same time. One attendee is in brainstorming mode, another in critical thinking mode. Everyone is wearing different hats. The insight of Six Thinking Hats® is to get all attendees to put on the same hat at the same time to communicate effectively. AQ can create the same type of mental alignment. For example, if a what-question is asked, all meeting attendees will know a concept and/or metaphor is an appropriate answer. If you layer in the 5 High AQ practices, you will be using the same rules of effective conversations. For example, High AQ Practice 3 (Provide Complements) holds that adjacent answers complement each other, and opposite answers can resist each other. In this manner, if a manager is a storyteller, and a procedure is the desired answer, it explains why a story provided to a how-question can derail the conversation (they are opposite answer types). I have found that when using six hats to facilitate a meeting you can take people through a meeting a lot faster and effectively. Similarly, AQ is an approach that can create alignment around questions and answers to efficiently and effectively navigate high stake conversations.
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High Sales AQ: Transforming a $500 million industrial manufacturer from a direct to indirect sales model
This article is part of the High AQ Interview Series where executives, academics, and thought leaders discuss elevated answers. Introduction
Chris MacKenzie, an industrial manufacturing sales executive discusses a successful effort he orchestrated to transform a $0.5 billion dollar industrial manufacturing sales approach which was 90% direct and 10% indirect to one that was 90% indirect. During this transformation, Chris had to identify and convince a network of hundreds of distributors to sell his product portfolio in addition to his competitors. In the process, he had to successfully introduce end users to the distributors (the new selling intermediary), while realigning an internal sales force of 130 to sell through distributors.
Chris and I discussed the transformation from a direct sales channel to an indirect sales channel in AQ terms. We covered the 5 High AQ practices, the role of conversations (questions and answers) in sales, and the High AQ sales attributes that allowed him to pull-off the sales transformation to an indirect approach. We identified six High AQ takeaways. The following interview is edited for clarity. Interview with Chris MacKenzie
Dr. G: [We reviewed the 5 High AQ Practices and discussed the implications.] What is your reaction to Sales AQ?”
Chris MacKenzie: “I would estimate that that the top 10% of sellers have High Sales AQ. And most of them are doing it intuitively. The AQ framework can help the low-skilled to the highly skilled sales reps upskill.” Dr. G: “Which of the six answers (theory, concept, story, metaphor, procedure, action) is something you did not appreciate until it was brought into relief by the AQ framework?” Chris MacKenzie: “Metaphors. I have never coached, nor consciously applied to use metaphors before. It makes sense because it simplifies… [you can] hit a lightbulb very quickly.”
High AQ Takeaway 1: If the top 10% of sales reps have High AQ, that’s a good thing. However, even the best don’t realize they are using AQ. And there are no systematic efforts to elevate the entire sales origination. The AQ framework and associated 5 High AQ practices represent a way to explicitly surface principles and techniques that can elevate answers provided by the entire sales organization.
High AQ Takeaway 2: Metaphors are often underappreciated in a society that focuses upon stories to make emotional connections with others. Yes, stories are important, but metaphors offer several advantages including compactness (short time to convey) and lower difficulty level to communicate (as compared to a story).
Dr. G: "Your indirect sales strategy involves three parties: The manufacturer (you), the distributors, and the end user. What are the different needs between end users and distributors?"
Chris MacKenzie: "The end users are focused upon product features and functionality, and as you move up the value chain to the distributors, in addition to product features, they are focused upon strategy and overall profitability of the manufacturer-distributor relationship. With the distributors I had conversations about business strategy that went beyond product features, including tiered discounts, packaging, pricing, drop shipping, credit terms, on-time delivery, training, cooperative advertising, and customer service."
High AQ Takeaway 3: In a horizontally integrated supply chain, High Sales AQ recognizes that end-users ask different questions and need different answers than distributors. In this case, end-users ask the how-question and seek action answers (those associated with product features). Conversely, distributors are asking what-questions associated with business strategy (concept answers). Sales reps with High AQ understand that questions and answers may vary across the sales supply chain.
Dr. G: “In AQ terms, you indicated that concepts (e.g., packing, training, customer service) were important to distributors. How could you identify which strategic concepts to focus upon with each distributor?”
Chris MacKenzie: “First and Foremost...you had better go into the meeting in over preparation mode. You need to know what is important to the that specific distributor… talk about their business in that area (customer service, competitive pressures, training, hiring).” Dr. G: “Let’s say you locate the correct strategic concept; let’s say training is the hot button topic. Then, how would you credibly convey you understand their hot button topic?” Chris MacKenzie: “You need to give examples…. If you don’t have the right training… we will get you up to speed and show them an example…. Or, if their team is not trained, discuss how your training works. It illustrates that you ‘get’ their business. The relationship with each distributor will not be successful with a ‘one size fits all’ channel program. That is not insignificant. But, you want to avoid the ‘show up and throw approach’… you discuss every feature and function of your product. That will be a turn-off.
High AQ Takeaway 4: High AQ Practice 1 explains that for any given question there is a correct answer. Related to concepts, each distributor had strategic concepts that were more salient to them specifically. Also, in discussing procedures and actions associated with a product, you need to get them just right. High AQ is not just about recognizing which answer to provide (theory, concept, story, metaphor, procedure, or action) – it is also determining the best way to deliver that answer.
High AQ Takeaway 5: Provide Complements (High AQ Practice 3) holds that adjacent answers are related and can re-enforce each other. In this case, Chris wanted to demonstrate that he got the strategic concept correct, and he utilized the adjacent answers of procedure and action to substantiate his claim that he was on the same strategic page with a distributor.
Dr. G: “You initiated a huge disruption—the sales process going from direct to indirect. This was a significant investment of time and energy. Why was this the timing right to flip the switch to an indirect sales approach?"
Chris MacKenzie: “As a major manufacturer we sold to large A-accounts. These A-accounts were consolidating their vendors, and actually downsizing at the time. We wanted access to the much higher number of B and C accounts to compensate for the reduced volume of A accounts: Distributors actually had a better relationship with the B & C Accounts than my direct salesforce. They were looking for single source vendors. We needed to align ourselves with single source vendors. Given this dynamic, it made sense for us to invest in the distributor indirect sales channel to to sell to A- gain access to B & C accounts (as opposed to going direct while giving distributors access to our A accounts – we both grew in a shrinking economy)."
High AQ Takeaway 6: Answer in Context is High AQ Practice 5. All conversations involve primary questions (what, why, how) and associated answers (theory, concept, story, metaphor, procedure, action). These conversations occur within a context. This context activates the focal questions and the appropriateness of answers. In Chris’ case, purchasing department consolidation triggered conversations with distributors that would have not otherwise occurred. Therefore, those with High AQ understand context and how that impacts any conversation. The influence of context is often overlooked. In Chris’ case, internal conversations with Operations, IT, and other departments required a lot of convincing (as they did not understand the contextual changes the way Chris did).
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CategoriesAll IntroductionWhen the term “Answer Intelligence” comes to mind, what do you picture? Perhaps Emotional Intelligence (EQ), or Cognitive Intelligence (CQ). Both forms of intelligence have been trending in the business world since the mid-1990s. Refining one’s intelligence leads to better results and communication. Answer Intelligence (AQ) stands out because it brings out the best of these forms of intelligence in each answer. If you have EQ you can perceive, understand, and regulate your own emotions. This is great, but unless you can provide a story (an answer type) to help ease the pain of another, or a procedure (an answer-type) to deal with an abuse supervisor, EQ has no impact. Cognitive Intelligence is great, but it is only through a theory (an answer type) that intellectual horsepower is shared with others. So on and so forth, EQ and CQ impact the world through the answers we provide to others. Metaphorically, AQ is the tip of the spear, the cutting edge, and EQ and CQ are the shaft of the sphere that provide the direction and force. Without AQ, there is no cutting edge, and EQ and CQ are simply a blunt instrument with no impact upon the world. Going back to grade school, we learned a taxonomy of questions (why, why, how, when, where, who). Surprisingly, until now, there has been no taxonomy of answers types. We've been missing a framework to organize, make sense of, and use answers to influence others. For the first time, answers have their own taxonomy. AQ is a framework that incorporates question types, creating a direct link between questions and answers, and in the process reimaging what it means to effectively communicate. For example, when answers have a specialized classification system, the essence of what a question is asking can be discerned with greater accuracy. AQ streamlines the process of arriving at the best answer for each unique question. What is AQ?The components of Answer Intelligence are best represented in a circular ordering of variables. At the heart of AQ are the six answers types, three question types, and the nuance of context. The question and answer types correlate to each other. Context—the “when” and “where” of a situation—is incorporated to form the specifics of the answer. Answers are the currency of influence. Using AQ you can influence others to emotionally connect, explain and predict, and achieve results. Let’s learn how to raise your AQ using the Answer Intelligence Circle. Listed below are the basics. 6 Answer Types: Story, Theory, Concept, Metaphor, Procedure, and Action 3 Primary Question Types: Why, What, and How Context: When and Where The six answer types match up in pairs to the three question types. Story and theory pair with “Why” questions. Concept and Metaphor pair with “What” questions. Procedure and Action pair with “How” questions. Each of this six answer types (story, theory, concept, metaphor, procedure, action) are answered in context. This means that each answer must reflect the context. For example, if you are selling to a prospect, your story-answer will be different depending on the context. If you are selling to a Pharma prospect you will provide a pharma success story, if you are selling to a bank, you will will provide a bank success story. Getting the Most out of AQThe order and the combination of answers does, in fact, matter. In studying expert, 5 High AQ practices (approaches and techniques to provide answers) have emerged to distinguish those with low AQ from those with High AQ. Practice 1: Provide six answers. For each question, there is a primary answer. Understanding and crafting answers consistent with their High-quality attributes makes answers more effective. For example, action-answers should reflect best-practices and be unique (to stand out). Practice 2: Answer twice. The goal is to appeal to both the emotional and logical parts of our brain. The answer becomes more compelling. For example, "Why should I hire you?" can be answered twice with a story and theory. Practice 3: Provide complements. Adjacent answer types on the AQ Circumplex reinforces the focal answer. For example, on a sales call, a prospect may have an initial question: "what is your product?" This can be answered with a concept-answer by the sales rep, by defining the product offering. Next, the sales rep can provide a procedure-answer to anticipate a related question. In so doing, the sales rep helps a client understand what the product is and the associated question of how to use the product. Practice 4: Answer with style. We each have answer preferences. There are three answer styles: relational style (preference for story and metaphor), analytical style (preference for theory and concept), and practical style (preference for procedure and action). By understanding your own style, you can emphasize your strengths and guard against blind spots. Also, and often more importantly, it is important to understand the answer style of the individual(s) you are communicating with to feed them the answers they prefer to consume. Practice 5: Answer in context. Context is the “when” and “where” of a situation. In other words, the accuracy and effectiveness of an answer varies depending on the details found in the context. Each answer must reflect the context. Learn MoreWhen the 5 High AQ practices enter the picture, answers are purposeful and impactful. Answers are elevated. Answer Intelligence is valuable to apply in day-to-day communication, but also thrives in professional settings. Sales AQ, Interview AQ, Leadership AQ, Coaching AQ, and Training AQ are but a few applications of AQ. In fact, any important conversation can be elevated by AQ. 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AuthorDr. Brian Glibkowski is the author of Answer Intelligence: Raise your AQ. Archives
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